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Faktory ovlivňující výdaje na dávky nemocenské v ČR
Korbičková, Andrea
This thesis is dedicated to an analysis of factors influencing the amount of paid sickness benefits in the Czech Republic. In the literature review, potential factors influencing the above mentioned dependent variable are outlined based on scientific articles and publications. Using a regression analysis, all these explanatory variables are verified and factors really influencing the amount of paid sickness benefits in the Czech Republic are identified. These variables are quantified using a method of least squares. In the practical part of the thesis, time series of Expenditures on sickness insurance benefits and Income from insurance and associated payments for the sickness insurance are examined by a qualitative decomposition method. For both these time series, predictions for four upcoming quarters (whole 2017) are created. Based on an analysis of these two time series, a balance of income and expenditures is created and recommendations for the Ministry of Social Affairs are defined. From the results gathered in the practical part, consequences are drawn in the discussion. These serve as a basis for solutions and measures for employers to save labor costs and to achieve an efficient human resource management. All analyses in this thesis are conducted from quarterly data from 2004 till 2016.
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Analysis of work incapacity in the Czech Republic: trends and determinants
Hubálovská, Nikola ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (advisor) ; Burcin, Boris (referee)
Analysis of work incapacity in the Czech Republic: trends and determinants Abstract The thesis addresses trends of work incapacity in the Czech Republic after the establishment of the independent Czech state on 1st January 1993 up to the present. In the theoretical part it focuses on the legislative changes affecting work incapacity during the period under study. Furthermore, it describes work incapacity using demographic indicators of work incapacity and focuses on the structure of work incapacity according to the international classification of diseases (MKN-10), according to the age, region, seasonal trends and occupational classification (CZ-ISCO). This part mainly shows the development of the average percentage of incapacity for work, terminated cases of incapacity for work per 100 000 insured people and the analysis of the average length of incapacity for work. The next chapter is based on the advanced data analysis of the Labor Force Survey. The last chapter is dedicated to the international comparison of work incapacity. Keywords: temporary incapacity for work, terminated cases of incapacity for work, Czech Republic, sickness insurance, sickness rate, sickness benefit
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Analysis of effectiveness of changes in sickness insurance in the Czech Republic in 2010-2017
Skřivancová, Petra ; Štípek, Vladimír (advisor) ; Lukášová, Tereza (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the analysis and evaluation of the impact of changes that occurred in the system of sickness insurance in the Czech Republic between 2010 and 2017. During this period there were several legislative adjustments to the Sickness Insurance Act, especially the austerity measures adopted in 2010 and the adjustments in 2011 and 2014. The theoretical part of the thesis deals with the history and the present system, as well as the legislative changes in individual years. The end of the theoretical part characterizes sickness insurance and its benefits. The beginning of the practical part is devoted to the model example of the calculation of sickness insurance benefits, where we can observe the influence of adopted austerity measures. The second part analyzes the impact of changes to income and expenditures of sickness insurance. Expenditures have risen in recent years and are reaching the level of income, which may lead to the system´s financial incompetence. Furthermore, there is an analysis of the indicators of sickness insurance, mainly temporary incapacity for work, which shows that despite the reduction of the average length of one case, the average percentage of incapacity for work is increasing. Finally thesis analyzes the impact of changes on the circles of insured people and evaluates the impact of changes. Based on the results obtained, measures are then proposed to improve the sickness insurance system.
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The institution of obstacles at work under Czech labour law
Čepelová, Olga ; Vysokajová, Margerita (advisor) ; Štangová, Věra (referee) ; Brádlerová, Libuše (referee)
in English Obstacles to work as a set of legal facts have fundamental influence on employment relations and concern each and every employee as well as employer (correlatively). The goal of this thesis was to explore this area of employment law thoroughly and to indicate individual rights and duties of both parties in employment relations, including those which surpass the Labour Code and its implementing legislation. This was to be accomplished by providing a comprehensive treatise on the subject with solutions to possible unexpected situations not covered in the Labour Code. Obstacles to work are defined as legally acknowledged circumstances that - on the part of the employee - impede or forbid the performance of work, and - on the part of the employer - impede or forbid the assignment of work, in cases when the employee"s absence from work is excused by the employer in compliance with the terms stated by employment laws, internal regulations or employment contract. Compensatory wage or salary and conditions of payment to idle workers are determined by the above-mentioned documents. The introduction of this doctoral thesis deals with the reasons why this particular topic was chosen and introduces Eurostat"s surveys which are further analyzed to the details. The main objective of this thesis is to...
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Security in sickness and maternity from the point of view of inhabitans of the Czech Republic
Chotěborská, Šárka ; Čabanová, Bohumila (advisor) ; Orságová, Petra (referee)
Presented diploma theses evaluates the sickness insurance system in the Czech Republic and Europe from the point of view of the Czech Republic citizens. The aim of the work is to analyze the sickness insurance system in the Czech Republic regarding the system changes and also to find out the reform impacts on insured. Simultaneously the aim is to compare the impacts of the Czech insured with the impacts on those migratory workers who draw a claim to the insurance benefit from foreign systems of Europe. The theory of the social capital focused on the social policy and the social security and its legitimacy, theory of the inequality and poverty, the theory of the human capital and the theory of the bureaucracy were the basis of this work. In order to acquire the objective data at first it was made the comparative analysis of the chosen sickness insurance systems in Europe. Other part of this work is focused on the reform of the sickness insurance system in the Czech Republic and it analyses and compares some chosen indicators of the system focusing the years 2008 and 2009. The first half of the empirical part of the work is made on the basis of the qualitative research and it shows the impacts of the reform on the employees, presents their attitudes, their impressions and their opinions on contemporary shape...
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Obstacles at work from the legal and economic point of view
Stibor, Martin ; Korcová, Renata (advisor) ; Alena, Alena (referee)
The diploma thesis concentrates on work obstacles institute and is divided into two parts. The first part contains a brief summary of legislation, which is based on data collecting and information gathering from legal regulations, professional publications and internet sources, focused on issues concerning work obstacles from the point of an employee and from an employer. The practical part deals with practical application of the obstacles at work from legal and economical point of view. The practical part consists of the issues of application, approval, permitting, usage and refunding such obstacles at work of the employer and analysis of obstacles arising in relation with the institute application by an employee. In this section part of the thesis methods of direct observation, internal documents analysis and last but not least semi-structured interviews with company managers were used. The result is a practical approach to legislation and economic impact in the analyzed company.
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Comparative analysis of the current sickness insurance in the Czech Republic and selected EU countries
Paszyc, Tomáš ; Prachař, Ondřej (advisor) ; Vebrová, Ludmila (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with sickness insurance system cost and effectiveness in Czech Republic in comparison to Sweden, Germany and Estonia. The secondary goal of the thesis is to characterize sickness insurance system in Czech Republic and analysis of sickness insurance system reform from 2009, where are described causes leading to this reform and its following results. The results of this reform in Czech Republic are evaluated as positive, when the indicators, which are researched in this paper -- balance, temporary incapacity and abuse of the sickness insurance -- show that all of these mentioned cases improved. Comparing of the Czech sickness insurance system with those in Sweden, Germany and Estonia shows that there was a significant decrease of temporary incapacity compared to the other countries in the observed period. On the other hand, in comparison with these countries the Czech Republic issued means below average on sickness benefits especially compared to Germany and Sweden, as illustrated in a case study that shows that the in case of the shortest considered temporary incapacity are compensated lost wages for Czech employees the smallest part. Proved to be effective is a greater involvement of employers in the form of various benefits and programs for their employees, which may decrease and prevent temporary incapacity and also might reduce overall costs. On the contrary, the wages compensation should be increased in the temporary incapacity or the waiting period should be lowered.
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Comparisation the Role and Activities of the Czech and Slovak Medical Assessment Services in the Assessment of Medical Condition for the Purposes of Sickness Insurance
ADAMCOVÁ, Pavlína
The diploma thesis called The comparison of medical assessment service (MAS) aim and activities within the health insurance system in the Czech and Slovak Republic and it is focused on the pieces of information related to the system of social security aiming its attention to the health insurance during both the time of Czechoslovakia and its current arrangement of the Czech and Slovak Republics in its theoretical part. Related to that there is also elaborated the issue of the medical assessment service. There is a conclusion of the most important services of the MAS and particular competences of bodies involved into the health insurance. There is also a mention of the body adjusting the public health insurance including the related area of the review medicine to get a more comprehensive view. The diploma thesis main aim is to compare the tasks and activities of the MAS in the Czech and Slovak Republics. There are determined partial aims to get a more comprehensive elaboration. One of them is focused on the benefits that are awarded based on a health condition within the health insurance in these two countries and the other one is the comparison of Czech and Slovak health condition of citizens based on the statistics of temporary sick leaves taking into consideration the conditions while awarding them. The document analysing method is used to reach the aims mentioned above. This method follows Mayring´s proposed plan and the sources where the information was taken from were firstly evaluated from a criteria relevance viewpoint. After that the gained data was compared within a comparative method in a synchronous way. The empiric diploma thesis part contains data organized in well-arranged tables with comments and in the following Chapter 5 Discussion there is data compared according to the methodology mentioned above. The basic system comparison of social security and health insurance in the Czech and Slovak Republics belongs among the topics of the final discussion. The possibility of consolidation of health and social insurances in both countries also taking into consideration the opinions of the involved experts is largely covered here. The most significant discussion focus is the comparison of the aim and activity of the MAS in the Czech and Slovak Republics. The results show that the aim and activity of the MAS are very similar in both countries; which is logical regarding the common historical base. Czech and Slovak main MAS activity within the health insurance is the auditing activity; i.e. the audit of evaluation of the health condition by the involved medical doctor as well as the inspection if the treatment mode of people on sick leave is being followed. It is also possible to notice some nuances in the elaboration in both MAS systems; which are separated today. Regarding the legislation it is possible to say that the Slovak medical assessment service work in a more consistent way that is also supported by the statistic data containing more performed audits of the treatment mode following and a more frequent usage of sanction means towards insurers which is the result of the more detailed strategic planning of inspections. The diploma thesis offers a comparison of health insurance systems and tasks and activities of the MAS in the Czech and Slovak Republics. It can be used as a study document for students of social politics and a social security law. It can also be used as an impulse to other explorations in this area and to start thinking of various possibilities how to arrange the social security system of these two countries.
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Obstacles to work on the employee side
Synák, Tomáš ; Soušková, Milena (advisor) ; Spirit, Michal (referee)
This bachelor's thesis focuses on the legal aspect of Obstacles to Work on the Employee Side in Czech labour law. The aim of the thesis is to provide a comprehensive overview and evaluation of the legislation on this issue. The thesis contains the obstacles to work according to the Czech Labour Code as well as the topic of financial assistance during the obstacles. The last chapter aims at common practice and opinion based on results of survey accomplished amongst employees. Conclusion of the thesis includes also recommendations that could lead to the improvement of the legislation.
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Hypertension as a cause of temporary disability and its disabiliting consequences
DVOŘÁKOVÁ, Olga
One of the most common diseases of the circulatory system is hypertension. Its high prevalence in the adult population represents a serious health but also a social problem. Untreated hypertension leads to serious organ complications which fundamentally affect the quality of life of the patient. However, before hypertension starts to be treated, prevention should precede. Preventive measures can be divided into primary and secondary. Among the primary preventive measures belong stop smoking, weight reduction, sufficient physical activity, salt reduction in food, reduction of alcohol intake. To the secondary prevention, early revelations of patients with already existing hypertension are added. Prevention would lower the cost of treatment for both, the patient and the state, especially in the case of complications of hypertension and hospitalization. The more effective the treatment is, and the sooner it is started, the emergence of complications are more delayed and prolongs the full phase of life. Acute worsening of hypertension or complications are a common cause of temporary inability to work. During a period of temporary inability to work state of health should improve and it should lead to its cure or stabilization, in order to be allowed to return to original employment. If there is no cure or stabilization of the state of health and this state lasts for at least one year, disability can be taken into consideration. In our concept of disability, it is perceived not only as a restriction of ability to work causing loss of earnings and the possibility of economic activities, but other aspects such as health, social, labor-legal are also often included. Until 31. 12. 2009 disability was divided into full and partial (full and partial disability pensions). From 1. 1. 2010, dividing into the full and partial disability was abandonned and it was replaced with the three degrees of disability (disability pension). The aim of my bachelor´s thesis was to determine what proportion of hypertension and its complications on temporary disability and long-term follow-up rate of decline in ability to work in 2007 - 2011. Two hypotheses were set. The first hypothesis - the number of cases of temporary inability to work due to hypertension and its complications has an increasing tendency and the second hypothesis ? the number of cases of assessed disability due to hypertension and its complications is increasing. In order to obtain the necessary information I used a quantitative research. Within this quantitative research, I chose the method of secondary and content analysis of data of documents relating to the assessment of the health status of citizens for social security purposes. The first basic group consisted of policyholders who were exposed to temporary inability to work in 2007 - 2011 in the district of České Budějovice. The second group consisted of people who were granted with disability in 2007 - 2011 in the district of České Budějovice. The selection of respondents was purpose-built according to diagnoses. After the analysis and comparison of data, the first hypothesis was not confirmed because the insured people having a temporary inability to work due to hypertension and its complications in 2007 - 2011 did not have an increasing tendency. Also, the second hypothesis was not confirmed by when I found out that the number of cases of assessed disability due to hypertension and its complications is not increasing. As the proposal of further procedure, it would be interesting to focus on age, sex, education and career of the insured people and also whether the reason for submitting a request for a disability pension is actually state of health of the applicant or their socio-economic situation.
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